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Answers in each category are based on the Iceland News Weekly knowledge base of public sources, and the sources behind each answer are kept in our internal records.
Soil conservation and land degradation have been a major environmental issue in Iceland for centuries, after land use, wood cutting and livestock grazing, together with fragile soils, volcanic eruptions and harsh weather, degraded ecosystems. A recent survey on the government soil page says 45 percent of land ecosystems are in bad condition, in line with a 25 to 30 year erosion survey that found 39 percent of the country subject to considerable or extensive soil erosion. The Soil Conservation Service of Iceland, a state agency founded in 1907, works with farmers, farmer groups, NGOs and local governments on revegetation and restoration. The work includes seeding grass to stop erosion, adding fertiliser to increase plant cover, and more recently restoring wetlands. As sheep production has declined, more effort has gone into restoring natural woodlands with the Iceland Forest Service, and new revegetation and restoration covers around 8,000 hectares a year. Iceland has been a party to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification since 1997 and hosts the United Nations Land Restoration Training Programme.
SourceIceland's state-owned public broadcaster RUV operates 21 television channels nationwide, and every household is required to have RUV because the service also works as the emergency broadcast network. Three privately owned television stations operate as well. All households have multi-channel service through a digital or fiber-optic connection. RUV operates 3 national radio stations and 4 regional radio stations. One privately owned radio group, Syn, broadcasts 4 stations nationwide, and more than 20 regional radio stations were on air in 2019.
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